Western U.S. regional analysis - emissions inventories for Regional Haze planning

Overview

For western U.S. regional analysis using photochemical modeling for Regional Haze, WESTAR-WRAP is assisting state air agencies in their review of the 2014v2 NEI. The process will allow participants to review and provide updates to these inventories. Feedback and revisions to the inventories may be incorporated into air quality modeling by the WRAP for regional photochemical modeling.

• Subcommittee members Updated 8/1/2018

Summary

The Regional Haze Planning Work Group for Emission Inventories and Modeling Protocol (RHPWG EI & MP) Subcommittee held four conference calls from July - September, 2018. The Subcommittee solicited comments from state and local air agencies in the WRAP region on EPA's 2014 NEIv2. The Work Group focused on pollutants and emissions sectors that had the potential to influence photochemical modeling for Regional Haze Planning, such as large PM sources and major point sources. Outcomes from the WG are listed below. WG meeting notes, an outline of the review process, and comments from participating agencies follow the WG summary.

Outcomes

1. Unpaved road dust
1. Updates for Washington and Oregon
2. 2011 vs 2014 NEI PM10 Spreadsheet; 2014 NEIv2 PM10 Map; 2014 NEIv2 PM10 with Oregon revisions Map
2. Construction dust
1. Washington: updates to correct over-generalized EPA methodology
3. Minor source submissions
1. Agencies that submit minor source inventories to EPA Table
4. Stack parameter review
1. Default stack parameter lookups for WRAP states Spreadsheet
2. California stack parameter updates
3. Montana updates for Oldcastle facility
4. North Dakota updates for a couple coal powered facilities
5. Residential Wood Combustion
1. Idaho: filled in missing pollutants (VOCs) in EPA's RWC estimates. WRAP modeling should check EPA estimates in other states.
2. Washington: updates to fireplace emissions
6. Facility updates
1. California: Correction data for 13 facilities
2. Wyoming: Updates for missing facilities; recommendations for representative point source emissions
7. Nonpoint
1. California updates for dust from solid waste, other sectors (see comments)
8. Mobile sources
1. Comments on California's use of EMFAC vs EPA's MOVES modeling
2. Comments from Colorado on EPA methodology for determining vehicle age distributions
3. Washoe County, NV indicated that their MOVES data, although submitted to EPA, was not included in NEI
4. MOVES input submissions: Map showing states and counties that submitted CDBs for MOVES inputs. Figure 6-1 (2014 NEIv2TSD) Agencies that submitted local data for at least 1 CDB table are shown in dark blue. Note, California did their own MOVES runs and have their own MOVES output data file.
9. Updates from local agencies (generally not submitted to NEI)
1. Pima County, Arizona ozone study
2. LRAPA, Oregon provided updates for major point sources (pending confirmation that correct data are in NEI)
10. Summary of updates received RHPWR EI & MP Subcommittee to the 2014 NEIv2
1. Update Table compares the magnitude of emissions in the NEI vs updates for key pollutants
11. Comments submitted by state and local agencies
1. Table 1 in Section 4 (below)
12. 2014 NEIv2 datasets
1. EPA's summary data for WRAP states Spreadsheet
2. EPA's summary data at US State/County/Tribal levels: Web based map tool
3. EPA's 2014 modeling platform, point inventories and facility data Spreadsheets for WRAP states and Tribes (see Option 3, below)

Pending Issues

• Complete Minor Source Submission Table (response pending from OR, UT)
• Add Maricopa County point source updates to emissions update summary table
• Add UT SOx discrepancy to summary table (looks like a minor correction)
• Draft summary document

Meetings

September 26, 2018 (3PM MDT) - Workgroup call 4

Agenda:

1. Welcome, Roll Call, Agenda Review – Farren
2. Notes from July and August calls – no comments. Who is our note taker for this call!? Volunteer please! - Farren
3. Completing the 2014 NEIv2 data review - Farren
1. States still need to provide updates for minor-source inclusion table (starting table in last meeting notes).
2. States need to check with local agencies for any remaining emissions updates needed
3. MOVES input file submittal for 2014 – each state to check and send as needed (and county air districts as applicable)
   (data displayed at these links is in a different format than when it was submitted to EPA NEI)
   ftp://newftp.epa.gov/Air/emismod/2014/v2/2014fd/emissions/
   ftp://newftp.epa.gov/Air/emismod/2014/v2/2014fd/emissions/2014fd_inputs_onroad.zip
   Map shows in dark blue which counties submitted to 2014 NEI v2
4. Last call for base-case RH Modeling emissions updates (relative to 2014 NEI). Final Due Date is Oct. 5.
4. Re-organization format for wiki page – Rodger
5. Upcoming: checklist for what states need to review (base and future) - Farren
6. Upcoming: document that summarizes the subcommittee recommendations and emissions updates - Farren
7. Next Call 11 am Pacific; Oct. 25 (Thursday) - all

Materials

• Meeting notes

August 30, 2018 (12PM MDT)- Workgroup Call 3

Agenda

1. Welcome, Roll Call, Note Taking – Farren
2. Who submits minor source data to EPA? How does this vary by state in the NEI? Is this an issue for Regional Haze planning? When and to what degree to address? - Farren
3. Next steps for Unpaved Road Dust analysis - Farren
4. Oil & Gas Notice of Intent sources to be included in modeling for future scenario (NM has 3500 NOIs) – Farren and Roslyn Higgin
5. Summary of emissions updates provided to the RHPWG EI & MP Subcommittee – is more review needed? – Rodger Ames and Farren
6. Next steps on Regional Modeling Platform – seeking volunteers to review draft RFP and evaluate bidder responses – Tom
7. Next call and agenda items – Farren and all

Materials

• Meeting notes
• EI Updates Summary Table

July 26, 2018 - Workgroup Call 2

Agenda

1. Recent updates from state NEI review
2. Road Dust review needed (2011 vs 2014; border discontinuities)
3. Point source stack parameter review (in progress)
4. Minor-source inclusion needs (with nonpoint subtraction?)
5. Recommendations for source-apportionment categories?

Materials

• Meeting notes
• Default parameter IMPACT database
• Stack parameter lookups for WRAP states
• Area to point file Used to allocate airport ground support equipment in the nonpoint portion of the EI to specific known airport locations. It comes from the 2014 EPA Modeling Platform.
• http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/TSS/Results/SA.aspx Link to WRAP Technical Support System (v1). See link to "PSAT Analysis" under "Source Apportionment Methods" at the bottom of the page for descriptions of different source apportionment methods used in Round 1 Regional Haze photochemical modeling, or used files directly from the modeling. Please see pages 4 and 5 in the PSAT Analysis method (TSS PSAT Methods June 2011.doc) for info about how Source Regions and Emissions Source Groups were defined – these are the default high-level categories that Frank mentioned on the call today, would be used again in Round 2 modeling.
• Comparison of 2011 to 2014 NEI v2 PM10 for unpaved road dust: Map of 2014 NEI v2 PM10 unpaved road dust
• Summary of Differences Going from 2011 to 2014 NEI:
• Hawaii has an increase of 1136%
• Oregon has an increase of 149%
• Arizona has an increase of 60%
• California, Washington and Utah have little to no change
• Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, and Nevada have a decrease between 22% and 31%
• New Mexico, South Dakota, and Wyoming have a decrease between 52% and 68%
• Other Notes:
• New Mexico and Oregon are clear outliers in the 2014 NEI v2, with 3 times the road dust of any other states.
• Several counties in Colorado had 100% decreases. For instance, Denver county has 0 tons in the 2014 NEI v2.
• California, Washington, Washoe County (Nevada), and Maricopa County (Arizona) all submitted their own unpaved road dust data to the 2014v2 NEI. All other states/counties values were estimated using the EPA tool.

June 28, 2018 - Workgroup Call 1

Agenda

1. Roll call
2. Overview of charged tasks for Subcommittee (from WRAP workplan)
1. Process and evaluate 2014 NEI and refinements (see wiki and evaluation memo suggesting criteria at: Initial review step for EPA's 2014v2 NEI is described in this May 22, 2018 memo.)
2. Evaluate use of 2016 EPA modeling platform
3. Develop and refine 2028 emission inventories
4. Prepare modeling plan
5. Prepare and evaluate meteorological data
6. Perform dynamic model evaluations
7. Conduct sensitivity testing
8. Conduct/Evaluate AQ Modeling for BY and 2028 inventories
3. Which states have reviewed the NEI summary and provided comment?
4. Processing these revisions into a model-ready inventory
1. Who, what when ?
2. Example - do states have interest in updating construction dust to use county-specific PE-Index values (instead of single state value)
5. Can someone describe how Oil & Gas was estimated for states that didn’t submit their own data for 2014 NEI? For intermountain states: http://views.cira.colostate.edu/wiki/wiki/9170/2014-oil-and-gas-emissions-inventories
6. What is the status of the modeling contractor? See attached file.

• Meeting notes

Process

The initial review step for EPA's 2014v2 NEI following a three phase process is described in this May 22, 2018 memo. The initial review aspects listed in the memo can be evaluated using 3 data review options below. Option 1 is a high level review will look at tabular state and county inventories for key pollutants. Option 2 will enable a more detailed review to examine additional inventory parameters, such as individual point sources. Option 3 will allow review of a map-based emissions inventory review tool provided by the IWDW. Additional description and materials for the review process are provided below. Subsequent memoranda for additional review of 2014NEIv2 and other base and projection inventories will be added over time.

Option 1

Sector summary spreadsheet and charting tool. State and county level emissions totals for pollutants CO, NH3, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and SO2.

2014v2_allsector_summary_WRAP_crosstab.xlsx (provided by Farren Herron-Thorpe, Washington State Dept. of Ecology)

Modified version of the above spreadsheet that includes state/tribal summaries and calculations of anthropogenic totals and 80% threshold. (see the "Readme" tab)

FHT2014NEIv2_summary.xlsx (provided by Roslyn Higgin, NMENV)

Facility emissions summaries from 2014 NEI v2. Excel spreadsheet with a list of all the facilities in each state, broken down by EI Sector, so that comparisons can be made to the sector summary if desired. There is also a sheet that lists all the facilities with a “Q” greater than 1 Ton.

WRAP_Facility_CAPs_Summary.xlsx (provided by Farren Herron-Thorpe)

Option 2

Data for individual point sources for 16 pollutants from EPA's 2014v2 modeling platform. The point data are for non-fire inputs, e.g. pt_oilgas, ptegu, ptnonipm (and cmv_c3 for California, Oregon and Washington). The Excel spreadsheets contain parameters such as annual emissions, facility name and ID, and stack parameters where applicable.

• Alaska (7Mb)
• Arizona (3Mb)
• California (150Mb csv file)
• Colorado (8Mb)
• Hawaii (1Mb)
• Idaho (2Mb)
• MT Dakotas (2Mb)
• Nevada (6Mb)
• New Mexico (2Mb)
• Oregon (3Mb)
• Tribes (0.5Mb)
• Utah (3Mb)
• Washington (4Mb)
• Wyoming (4Mb)

Option 3

Emissions review tool for EPA's 2014 NEIv2 (data originate from EPA's "allsector" county and tribal level inventories). Note: these are the same data as were used in the spreadsheets in Option 1, above, although they include the entire US rather than just WRAP states. The NEI data are shown as tabular data, state and county maps, and pollutant and emissions sector pie charts.

2014 NEIv2 map tool: http://vibe.cira.colostate.edu/IWDWx/Emissions/US

Comment Memos from Reviewing Agencies

Comment memos from reviewing agencies are posted below by inventory reviewed. States may need to coordinate with tribes and local air agencies for review completeness. There may be multiple comment memos from an agency for the same inventory. These comments will be addressed in the processing of the inventories for regional haze modeling.

Note from Farren Herron-Thorpe regarding interpretation of the summary data spreadsheets under Option 1, above:

Table 1

State	Reviewing Agency	2014NEIv2 Inventory	Comments	Attachments	Date
Alaska	DAQ	Airport, marine, dust, wildfires, O&G	See attachment	Alaska comments	7/25/2018
	DAQ	Minor sources	List of minor sources reported for 2014 NEI	Alaska memo	10/3/2018
Arizona	AZDEQ	All sectors	No substitutions needed	Arizona comments	6/27/2018
	AZDEQ	Point source stack parameters	List of descriptors for non-airport SCCs with missing stack parameters	Comments on point source SCCs, AZSCCDescriptors	8/3/2018
	AZDEQ	Point source stack parameters missing values	No updates	Review of missing stack parameters	9/14/2018
	Maricopa County AQD	nonpoint; point source; onroad	nonpoint data are accurate; there are more accurate point source data that did not make it into the NEI due to a formmating error; onroad looks OK	Maricopa County comments, Maricopa County point source updates	9/25/2018, 10/2/2018
	Pima County DEQ		Attached data were not submitted to EPA for inclusion into the 2014 NEIv2 dataset. These are Pima DEQ’s best estimates for 2014. Inventories include annual NOx and VOCs, along with OSD, estimates. Note that inventories represent the eastern portion of Pima County.	Pima County comments, Pima_County.zip	7/30/2018
	Pinal County	All sectors, including unpaved road dust	EI person is reviewing; will respond with comments	Pinal County comments	9/24/2018
	Albuquerque	All sectors	No need for any changes	Albuquerque comments	5/17/2018
California	CARB	Mobile Sources	Email thread regarding use of CA's EMFAC vs. EPA's MOVES model for mobile source emissions	CARB Comments	5/1/2018
	CARB	Facility point sources	Correction data file for point source emissions from 13 facilities	Facilities correction data file, Facilities correction memo	7/18/2018
	CARB	Facility point sources	Stack parameter updates for point source emissions	Stack Parameters of CARB Point Sources Correction Data 8-14-2018, Stack Reference to Facility-Unit-Emissionsprocess 8-14-2018,Stack parameters update memo	7/18/2018
	CARB	Nonpoint, Nonroad	see attachment	CARB Comments Huth	7/20/2018
	CARB	nonpoint updates in FF10 format	Zip file containing one file to remove cattle husbandry dust from solid waste categories; three files with "hard zeros" for various pollutants and counties in sectors relating to industrial boilers, oil and gas, and poultry husbandry.	California FF10 updates; Memo Huth	10/05/2018
Colorado	CDPHE	All sectors	Sectors appear consistent with [Colorado] data	Colorado Comments	5/16/2018
	CDPHE	Onroad Mobile	Issue with how EPA treated vehicle age distributions in 2014 NEI	Colorado comments on MOVES vehicle age distribution	10/3/2018
Hawaii	HDoH	See comments and data attachments	See attached comments	Hawaii comments; Hawaii Comparison of Phase 1 spreadsheet to HI SLEIS; HI Data Pt Src review	6/13/2018
Idaho	IDEQ	Residential wood combustion	Updates to 2014v2 RWC inventories for Idaho	Idaho Comments; 2014 NEIv2 RWC Corrected	5/30/2018
Montana	MTDEQ	All sectors	No changes to 2014 NEI; potential issues with O&G inventories in Big Horn Basin (review pending)	Montana Comments	6/14/2018
	MTDEQ	Stack parameters	Updates for Oldcastle facility	Oldcastle update file, Montana memo	10/5/2018
Nevada	NDEP	All sectors, emphasis on major point sources	No changes at this time; Washoe County indicated their MOVES inputs were not included	Nevada comments	6/20/2018
	Clark County	All sectors	Data are OK to use as is	Clark County comments	9/26/2018
	Washoe County	all sectors	NEI data are correct for Washoe County	Washoe County comments	9/25/2018
	NDEP	default stack parameters	Clarification on fields in default stack parameter file	NDEP Memo Harpring	10/9/2018
New Mexico	NMENV	All sectors	EPA’s change in methodology from 2011 to 2014 reduced road dust emissions by 50%. In 2014, VMT was obtained from a MOVES run instead of an NMIM run, and separated into paved and unpaved values based on census-region level ratios.	New Mexico Comments 1, New Mexico Comments 2	7/19/2018,7/23/2018
North Dakota	DoH	Point source stack parameters	Stack parameter replacements for a couple of their coal power facilities, noted in red (columns S thru W)	2014NEIv2_stack_revisions_ND	10/8/2018
	DoH	Point sources and other sectors	Inventories look reasonable	North Dakota Comments	5/30/2018
Oregon	ODEQ	nonpoint nonroad onroad	EPA data is accurate for Oregon nonpoint, nonroad and onroad sources. See comments.	Oregon Comments	7/25/2018
	ODEQ	Point sources	EPA data are accurate for Oregon point sources	Oregon Comments Swab, Oregon Comments Stocum, Point source review materials	8/6/2018
	ODEQ	Unpaved Road Dust	Review by the RHPWG EI & MP Subcommittee indicates abnormally high values for OR	Email correspondence indicating WA may provide updates for OR unpaved road dust emissions	9/5/2018
	LRAPA	Major point sources	Updates provided to EPA. Pending confirmation that correct data is in NEI	Oregon LRAPA comments	9/25/2018
	ODEQ	Unpaved roads	Adjustments made by WA-ECY	Unpaved road adjustments, map showing revisions, Memo	10/3/2018
South Dakota	DENR	All sectors	No changes	South Dadota Comments	6/28/2018
Utah	UDEQ	non-point SOx, non-road mobile diesel locomotive SO2	Updates provided, other sectors look OK for RH modeling	Utah Comments, SOxDiscrepancyOpenBurningLandClearing_Utah, On- and Non-road Mobile Sources Comparison	8/9/2018
Washington	EYC	Construction Dust	EPA's emissions calculation methodology for construction dust is over-generalized for Washington state	Washington Comments, WA_2014_ConstructionDust_EI_Revisions.xlsx	4/24/2018
	EYC	Fireplace emissions	Updated fireplace emissions for four counties in the Puget Sound area	WA_2014_Fireplace_EI_Revisions.xlsx WA_2014_Fireplace_EI_Revisions.docx	6/27/2018
Wyoming	WDEQ	Unpaved road; point sources	Raised concerns for Unpaved Road Emission; recommendations for representativeness of point source emissions	Wyoming Comments	6/14/2018
	WDEQ	Facilities emissions not in NEI	See attached	50 Buttes and House Creek Emissions	7/6/2014

Resources

• 2014 NEI v2 technical documentation (finalized in July, 2018) https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-07/documents/nei2014v2_tsd_05jul2018.pdf

• Nonpoint documentation for EPA's 2014 NEI (archive of zip files with NOMAD nonpoint tools documentation) ftp://ftp.epa.gov/EmisInventory/2014/doc/nonpoint/

• Now available! *2014 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Report* This new highly visual and interactive Report shows graphs, tables, and maps that summarize national and state emission trends and emission profiles for states and counties based on the 2014 NEI v2 data. With this tool, users can explore the emissions data and answer basic questions they have about the NEI and emission trends by looking at what the data shows for national, state, and local areas. The Report distills a considerable amount of data detail inherent to the NEI and provides emission summaries for the criteria pollutants, black carbon, and 5 select HAPs. It is not a query tool for accessing all details of the entire 2014 NEI data. NEI data access query tools and detailed data files remain available on the EPA NEI program website. Please explore the 2014 NEI Report and bookmark it on https://gispub.epa.gov/neireport/2014/. The Report is also posted on the NEI program website https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories.

• The 2014v2 NEI Technical Support Document is posted on the 2014. NEI website

• SCC to emissions sector mapping table SCC Codes (Obtained from EPA's SCC download site, July 1, 2018)

Future 2016 Modeling Platform Review

• Corrections to 2016 alpha nonroad emissions (May 31, 2018) (see 2016fd_inputs_nonroad_corrected.zip) ftp://newftp.epa.gov/Air/emismod/2016/alpha/2016fd/emissions/